Chlorella: Umurinzi w'ibidukikije mu mubiri w'umuntu
Chlorella, izwi kw'izina rya "Amahaha y'Isi," ni ikimera c'ivyatsi bitotahaye gifise utugingo ngengabuzima tumwe-kiboneka hose, kikaba kiri mu bwoko bwa Chlorella bwo mu bwoko bwa Chlorophyta. Ico gikoko c’amazi meza gifise utugingo ngengabuzima tumwe, gifise uburebure bwa mikro 3 gushika ku 8 gusa, ni kimwe mu binyabuzima vya kera cane kw’isi. Kubera ubushobozi bwayo bwo gukora neza, Chlorella irashobora gukura no kuvyara biciye mu nzira y’ubuhinga bwo kwifungura kandi irakwiragiye cane.
Haciye imyaka amamiliyaridi, ubuzima bwa mbere butanga umwuka w'ikirere -bwabonetse kw'isi: ibimera vy'ibitoke. Ico gikoko gifise utugingo ngengabuzima tumwe -, kizwi kw'izina rya "Amahaha y'Isi", gitanga hafi 90% vy'umwuka w'ikirere, ibiterwa bikaba bitanga 10% bisigaye. Uguseruka kw’ibimera vy’ivyatsi bitotahaye ntikwagaburiye gusa ubwoko butagira uko bungana bw’ubuzima bwo kw’isi, ahubwo kwatumye kandi habaho isoko y’ibifungurwa vy’ibinyabuzima vyinshi, kuva ku bikoko bininibinini vyitwa baleines gushika ku dukoko dutoduto two ku butaka. Inyuma y’urugendo rurerure rw’ubwihindurize bw’ukurokoka kw’ibinyabuzima bikomeye kuruta ibindi vyose, ibimera vy’ibitoke birabandanya gutera imbere kw’isi, bikaba bimwe mu binyabuzima vya kera kuruta ibindi vyose kw’isi.
Chlorella vulgaris iri mu mugwi w'ibimera vy'ibimera, umuryango w'ibimera vy'ibimera, kandi ni ibimera vy'ibimera vy'ibimera vy'ibimera vy'ibimera vy'ibimera vy'ibimera vy'ibimera vy'ibimera vy'ibimera. Akenshi ibaho imwe imwe, ariko rimwe na rimwe igira amatsinda y’ingingo ngenderwako nyinshi. Izo ngingo zifise ishusho y’umubumbe canke y’uruzitiro, zirimwo igihimba c’umubiri citwa chloroplaste gifise ishusho y’igikombe- canke gifise ishusho y’isahani-. Chlorella ivyara ata n’imwe ikora imibonano mpuzabitsina, ingingo imwe imwe ikavyara amagi abiri, ane, umunani canke cumi n’atandatu y’abavyeyi. Iyo izo nkoko zikuze, ingingo ngenderwako y’umuvyeyi irasaduka, ikarekura izo nkoko maze igahingura abantu bashasha.
Chlorella vulgaris iboneka kw’isi yose, ahanini mu mazi matomato kandi atagira ubwagu, naho nyene hariho n’ubwoko bumwebumwe bwo mu kiyaga. Mu bisanzwe, Chlorella ishobora kuboneka mu bwinshi buke, ariko ishobora kurimwa mu bwinshi. Ivyo bikoko vy’ibitoke vy’ibitoke vy’ibitoke vy’ibitoke vy’ibitoke vy’ibitoke vy’ibitoke vy’ibitoke vy’ibitoke vy’ibitoke vy’ibitoke vy’ibitoke.
Ubu, hari ubwoko nk’icumi bw’ibikoko bita Chlorella bizwi, ariko hashizwemwo ubwoko butandukanye bwavyo, uwo mubare woshobora gushika amajana. Amazi meza ni yo ahantu nyamukuru zituye. Chlorella ntiyoroshe gusa kurima ariko kandi irashobora gukura no kuvyara ikoresheje amasoko y’ibinyabuzima vy’umuyagankuba mu bihe vy’ibifungurwa vy’umuco canke vy’ibinyabuzima bitandukanye. Bivugwa ko ukuntu gikura vyihuta kandi kikavyara ni co giterwa canke igikoko conyene co kw’isi gishobora kwikubita incuro zine mu masaha 20, ivyo bikaba bituma gifise agaciro kanini cane mu bikorwa bitandukanye. Ubwoko busanzwe mu gihugu canje ni nk’igiti citwa Chlorella pyrenoidosa, Chlorella ellipsoidea n’igiti citwa Chlorella vulgaris. Chlorella pyrenoidosa ni yo ifise agaciro kanini cane mu bijanye n’ingaburo kubera ko ifise poroteyine nyinshi.
Mu mwaka w’1890, umuhinga mu vy’ibinyabuzima bitobito w’Umuholandi yitwa Dogiteri M. W. Beyenick, akaba ari we yabaye umushakashatsi wa mbere ku bimera vy’ibitoke, ni we yashizeho umushinge w’ubushakashatsi ku bikoko bita Chlorella. Hanyuma, mu 1948, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ni zo zatanguye guhinga Chlorella hanze, mu 1964, Taiwan Green Algae Industries iba igihugu ca mbere kw’isi gihingura Chlorella ku rugero runini-.
Chlorella ikunda kurimwa mu mazi meza. Ivyo bikoko bifise utugingo ngengabuzima tumwe -bifise ishusho y'umubumbe, bikaba ari vyo bituma vyitwa "chlorella." Ni nto cane, zifise utugingo ngengabuzima dupima nka 2-8 microns, zisa n’utugingo ngengabuzima dutukura tw’umuntu, bisaba ko umuntu akoresha igikoresho citwa microscope 600x kugira ngo umuntu abone neza. Chlorella isa n’ibara ry’icatsi kibisi ryirabura kubera ko irimwo chlorophylle n’ibindi bihimba vy’umubiri. Ubuhinga bw’ingingo zayo buradasanzwe, bufise utugingo ngengabuzima dufise ishusho y’igikombe-, canke nk’isahani.
